java.awt
Class Frame

java.lang.Object
  |
  +--java.awt.Component
        |
        +--java.awt.Container
              |
              +--java.awt.Window
                    |
                    +--java.awt.Frame

All Implemented Interfaces:

Accessible, ImageObserver, MenuContainer, Serializable

Direct Known Subclasses:

JFrame

public class Frame

extends Window

implements MenuContainer

A Frame is a top-level window with a title and a border.

The size of the frame includes any area designated for the border. The dimensions of the border area can be obtained using the getInsets method, however, since these dimensions are platform-dependent, a valid insets value cannot be obtained until the frame is made displayable by either calling pack or show. Since the border area is included in the overall size of the frame, the border effectively obscures a portion of the frame, constraining the area available for rendering and/or displaying subcomponents to the rectangle which has an upper-left corner location of (insets.left, insets.top), and has a size of width - (insets.left + insets.right) by height - (insets.top + insets.bottom).

The default layout for a frame is BorderLayout.

In a multi-screen environment, you can create a Frame on a different screen device by constructing the Frame with Frame(GraphicsConfiguration) or Frame(String title, GraphicsConfiguration). The GraphicsConfiguration object is one of the GraphicsConfiguration objects of the target screen device.

In a virtual device multi-screen environment in which the desktop area could span multiple physical screen devices, the bounds of all configurations are relative to the virtual-coordinate system. The origin of the virtual-coordinate system is at the upper left-hand corner of the primary physical screen. Depending on the location of the primary screen in the virtual device, negative coordinates are possible, as shown in the following figure.

ALIGN=center HSPACE=10 VSPACE=7>

In such an environment, when calling setLocation, you must pass a virtual coordinate to this method. Similarly, calling getLocationOnScreen on a Frame returns virtual device coordinates. Call the getBounds method of a GraphicsConfiguration to find its origin in the virtual coordinate system.

The following code sets the location of the Frame at (10, 10) relative to the origin of the physical screen of the corresponding GraphicsConfiguration. If the bounds of the GraphicsConfiguration is not taken into account, the Frame location would be set at (10, 10) relative to the virtual-coordinate system and would appear on the primary physical screen, which might be different from the physical screen of the specified GraphicsConfiguration.

      Frame f = new Frame(GraphicsConfiguration gc);
      Rectangle bounds = gc.getBounds();
      f.setLocation(10 + bounds.x, 10 + bounds.y);
 

Frames are capable of generating the following types of window events: WindowOpened, WindowClosing, WindowClosed, WindowIconified, WindowDeiconified, WindowActivated, WindowDeactivated.

Since:

JDK1.0

See Also:

WindowEvent, Window.addWindowListener(java.awt.event.WindowListener), Serialized Form

Inner Class Summary

protected class

Frame.AccessibleAWTFrame This class implements accessibility support for the Frame class.

Inner classes inherited from class java.awt.Window

Window.AccessibleAWTWindow

Inner classes inherited from class java.awt.Container

Container.AccessibleAWTContainer

Inner classes inherited from class java.awt.Component

Component.AccessibleAWTComponent

Field Summary

static int	CROSSHAIR_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.CROSSHAIR_CURSOR.
static int	DEFAULT_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.DEFAULT_CURSOR.
static int	E_RESIZE_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.E_RESIZE_CURSOR.
static int	HAND_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.HAND_CURSOR.
static int	ICONIFIED
static int	MOVE_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.MOVE_CURSOR.
static int	N_RESIZE_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.N_RESIZE_CURSOR.
static int	NE_RESIZE_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.NE_RESIZE_CURSOR.
static int	NORMAL
static int	NW_RESIZE_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.NW_RESIZE_CURSOR.
static int	S_RESIZE_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.S_RESIZE_CURSOR.
static int	SE_RESIZE_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.SE_RESIZE_CURSOR.
static int	SW_RESIZE_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.SW_RESIZE_CURSOR.
static int	TEXT_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.TEXT_CURSOR.
static int	W_RESIZE_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.W_RESIZE_CURSOR.
static int	WAIT_CURSOR Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.WAIT_CURSOR.

Fields inherited from class java.awt.Component

BOTTOM_ALIGNMENT, CENTER_ALIGNMENT, LEFT_ALIGNMENT, RIGHT_ALIGNMENT, TOP_ALIGNMENT

Fields inherited from interface java.awt.image.ImageObserver

ABORT, ALLBITS, ERROR, FRAMEBITS, HEIGHT, PROPERTIES, SOMEBITS, WIDTH

Constructor Summary

Frame()
Constructs a new instance of Frame that is initially invisible.

Frame(GraphicsConfiguration gc)
Create a Frame with the specified GraphicsConfiguration of a screen device.

Frame(String title)
Constructs a new, initially invisible Frame object with the specified title.

Frame(String title, GraphicsConfiguration gc)
Constructs a new, initially invisible Frame object with the specified title and a GraphicsConfiguration.

Method Summary

void	addNotify() Makes this Frame displayable by connecting it to a native screen resource.
protected void	finalize() We have to remove the (hard) reference to weakThis in the Vector, otherwise the WeakReference instance will never get garbage collected.
AccessibleContext	getAccessibleContext() Gets the AccessibleContext associated with this Frame.
int	getCursorType() Deprecated. As of JDK version 1.1, replaced by Component.getCursor().
static Frame[]	getFrames() Returns an array containing all Frames created by the application.
Image	getIconImage() Gets the image to be displayed in the minimized icon for this frame.
MenuBar	getMenuBar() Gets the menu bar for this frame.
int	getState() Gets the state of this frame.
String	getTitle() Gets the title of the frame.
boolean	isResizable() Indicates whether this frame is resizable by the user.
protected String	paramString() Returns the parameter String of this Frame.
void	remove(MenuComponent m) Removes the specified menu bar from this frame.
void	removeNotify() Makes this Frame undisplayable by removing its connection to its native screen resource.
void	setCursor(int cursorType) Deprecated. As of JDK version 1.1, replaced by Component.setCursor(Cursor).
void	setIconImage(Image image) Sets the image to displayed in the minimized icon for this frame.
void	setMenuBar(MenuBar mb) Sets the menu bar for this frame to the specified menu bar.
void	setResizable(boolean resizable) Sets whether this frame is resizable by the user.
void	setState(int state) Sets the state of this frame.
void	setTitle(String title) Sets the title for this frame to the specified string.

Methods inherited from class java.awt.Window

addWindowListener, applyResourceBundle, applyResourceBundle, dispose, getFocusOwner, getGraphicsConfiguration, getInputContext, getListeners, getLocale, getOwnedWindows, getOwner, getToolkit, getWarningString, hide, isShowing, pack, postEvent, processEvent, processWindowEvent, removeWindowListener, setCursor, show, toBack, toFront

Methods inherited from class java.awt.Container

add, add, add, add, add, addContainerListener, addImpl, countComponents, deliverEvent, doLayout, findComponentAt, findComponentAt, getAlignmentX, getAlignmentY, getComponent, getComponentAt, getComponentAt, getComponentCount, getComponents, getInsets, getLayout, getMaximumSize, getMinimumSize, getPreferredSize, insets, invalidate, isAncestorOf, layout, list, list, locate, minimumSize, paint, paintComponents, preferredSize, print, printComponents, processContainerEvent, remove, remove, removeAll, removeContainerListener, setFont, setLayout, update, validate, validateTree

Methods inherited from class java.awt.Component

action, add, addComponentListener, addFocusListener, addHierarchyBoundsListener, addHierarchyListener, addInputMethodListener, addKeyListener, addMouseListener, addMouseMotionListener, addPropertyChangeListener, addPropertyChangeListener, bounds, checkImage, checkImage, coalesceEvents, contains, contains, createImage, createImage, disable, disableEvents, dispatchEvent, enable, enable, enableEvents, enableInputMethods, firePropertyChange, getBackground, getBounds, getBounds, getColorModel, getComponentOrientation, getCursor, getDropTarget, getFont, getFontMetrics, getForeground, getGraphics, getHeight, getInputMethodRequests, getLocation, getLocation, getLocationOnScreen, getName, getParent, getPeer, getSize, getSize, getTreeLock, getWidth, getX, getY, gotFocus, handleEvent, hasFocus, imageUpdate, inside, isDisplayable, isDoubleBuffered, isEnabled, isFocusTraversable, isLightweight, isOpaque, isValid, isVisible, keyDown, keyUp, list, list, list, location, lostFocus, mouseDown, mouseDrag, mouseEnter, mouseExit, mouseMove, mouseUp, move, nextFocus, paintAll, prepareImage, prepareImage, printAll, processComponentEvent, processFocusEvent, processHierarchyBoundsEvent, processHierarchyEvent, processInputMethodEvent, processKeyEvent, processMouseEvent, processMouseMotionEvent, removeComponentListener, removeFocusListener, removeHierarchyBoundsListener, removeHierarchyListener, removeInputMethodListener, removeKeyListener, removeMouseListener, removeMouseMotionListener, removePropertyChangeListener, removePropertyChangeListener, repaint, repaint, repaint, repaint, requestFocus, reshape, resize, resize, setBackground, setBounds, setBounds, setComponentOrientation, setDropTarget, setEnabled, setForeground, setLocale, setLocation, setLocation, setName, setSize, setSize, setVisible, show, size, toString, transferFocus

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, equals, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Methods inherited from interface java.awt.MenuContainer

getFont, postEvent

Field Detail

DEFAULT_CURSOR

public static final int DEFAULT_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.DEFAULT_CURSOR.

CROSSHAIR_CURSOR

public static final int CROSSHAIR_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.CROSSHAIR_CURSOR.

TEXT_CURSOR

public static final int TEXT_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.TEXT_CURSOR.

WAIT_CURSOR

public static final int WAIT_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.WAIT_CURSOR.

SW_RESIZE_CURSOR

public static final int SW_RESIZE_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.SW_RESIZE_CURSOR.

SE_RESIZE_CURSOR

public static final int SE_RESIZE_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.SE_RESIZE_CURSOR.

NW_RESIZE_CURSOR

public static final int NW_RESIZE_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.NW_RESIZE_CURSOR.

NE_RESIZE_CURSOR

public static final int NE_RESIZE_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.NE_RESIZE_CURSOR.

N_RESIZE_CURSOR

public static final int N_RESIZE_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.N_RESIZE_CURSOR.

S_RESIZE_CURSOR

public static final int S_RESIZE_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.S_RESIZE_CURSOR.

W_RESIZE_CURSOR

public static final int W_RESIZE_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.W_RESIZE_CURSOR.

E_RESIZE_CURSOR

public static final int E_RESIZE_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.E_RESIZE_CURSOR.

HAND_CURSOR

public static final int HAND_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.HAND_CURSOR.

MOVE_CURSOR

public static final int MOVE_CURSOR

Deprecated. replaced by Cursor.MOVE_CURSOR.

NORMAL

public static final int NORMAL

ICONIFIED

public static final int ICONIFIED

Constructor Detail

Frame

public Frame()

Constructs a new instance of Frame that is initially invisible. The title of the Frame is empty.

See Also:

Component.setSize(int, int), Component.setVisible(boolean)

Frame

public Frame(GraphicsConfiguration gc)

Create a Frame with the specified GraphicsConfiguration of a screen device.

Parameters:

gc - the GraphicsConfiguration of the target screen device. If gc is null, the system default GraphicsConfiguration is assumed.

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if gc is not from a screen device.

Since:

1.3

Frame

public Frame(String title)

Constructs a new, initially invisible Frame object with the specified title.

Parameters:

title - the title to be displayed in the frame's border. A null value is treated as an empty string, "".

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if gc is not from a screen device.

See Also:

Component.setSize(int, int), Component.setVisible(boolean), GraphicsConfiguration.getBounds()

Frame

public Frame(String title,
             GraphicsConfiguration gc)

Constructs a new, initially invisible Frame object with the specified title and a GraphicsConfiguration.

Parameters:

title - the title to be displayed in the frame's border. A null value is treated as an empty string, "".

gc - the GraphicsConfiguration of the target screen device. If gc is null, the system default GraphicsConfiguration is assumed.

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if gc is not from a screen device.

See Also:

Component.setSize(int, int), Component.setVisible(boolean), GraphicsConfiguration.getBounds()

Method Detail

finalize

protected void finalize()
                 throws Throwable

We have to remove the (hard) reference to weakThis in the Vector, otherwise the WeakReference instance will never get garbage collected.

Overrides:

finalize in class Window

Following copied from class: java.lang.Object

Throws:

Throwable - the Exception raised by this method

addNotify

public void addNotify()

Makes this Frame displayable by connecting it to a native screen resource. Making a frame displayable will cause any of its children to be made displayable. This method is called internally by the toolkit and should not be called directly by programs.

Overrides:

addNotify in class Window

See Also:

Component.isDisplayable(), removeNotify()

getTitle

public String getTitle()

Gets the title of the frame. The title is displayed in the frame's border.

Returns:

the title of this frame, or an empty string ("") if this frame doesn't have a title.

See Also:

setTitle(java.lang.String)

setTitle

public void setTitle(String title)

Sets the title for this frame to the specified string.

Parameters:

title - the title to be displayed in the frame's border

title - the title to be displayed in the frame's border. A null value is treated as an empty string, "".

See Also:

getTitle()

getIconImage

public Image getIconImage()

Gets the image to be displayed in the minimized icon for this frame.

Returns:

the icon image for this frame, or null if this frame doesn't have an icon image.

See Also:

setIconImage(java.awt.Image)

setIconImage

public void setIconImage(Image image)

Sets the image to displayed in the minimized icon for this frame. Not all platforms support the concept of minimizing a window.

Parameters:

image - the icon image to be displayed. If this parameter is null then the icon image is set to the default image, which may vary with platform.

See Also:

getIconImage()

getMenuBar

public MenuBar getMenuBar()

Gets the menu bar for this frame.

Returns:

the menu bar for this frame, or null if this frame doesn't have a menu bar.

See Also:

setMenuBar(java.awt.MenuBar)

setMenuBar

public void setMenuBar(MenuBar mb)

Sets the menu bar for this frame to the specified menu bar.

Parameters:

mb - the menu bar being set. If this parameter is null then any existing menu bar on this frame is removed.

See Also:

getMenuBar()

isResizable

public boolean isResizable()

Indicates whether this frame is resizable by the user. By default, all frames are initially resizable.

Returns:

true if the user can resize this frame; false otherwise.

See Also:

setResizable(boolean)

setResizable

public void setResizable(boolean resizable)

Sets whether this frame is resizable by the user.

Parameters:

resizable - true if this frame is resizable; false otherwise.

See Also:

isResizable()

setState

public void setState(int state)

Sets the state of this frame.

Parameters:

state - Frame.ICONIFIED if this frame is in iconic state; Frame.NORMAL if this frame is in normal state.

See Also:

getState()

getState

public int getState()

Gets the state of this frame.

Returns:

Frame.ICONIFIED if frame in iconic state; Frame.NORMAL if frame is in normal state.

See Also:

setState(int)

remove

public void remove(MenuComponent m)

Removes the specified menu bar from this frame.

Specified by:

remove in interface MenuContainer

Overrides:

remove in class Component

Parameters:

m - the menu component to remove. If this parameter is null then a NullPointerException is thrown and no action is taken.

removeNotify

public void removeNotify()

Makes this Frame undisplayable by removing its connection to its native screen resource. Making a Frame undisplayable will cause any of its children to be made undisplayable. This method is called by the toolkit internally and should not be called directly by programs.

Overrides:

removeNotify in class Container

See Also:

Component.isDisplayable(), addNotify()

paramString

protected String paramString()

Returns the parameter String of this Frame.

Overrides:

paramString in class Container

Following copied from class: java.awt.Container

Returns:

the parameter string of this container.

setCursor

public void setCursor(int cursorType)

Deprecated. As of JDK version 1.1, replaced by Component.setCursor(Cursor).

getCursorType

public int getCursorType()

Deprecated. As of JDK version 1.1, replaced by Component.getCursor().

getFrames

public static Frame[] getFrames()

Returns an array containing all Frames created by the application. If called from an applet, the array will only include the Frames accessible by that applet.

Since:

1.2

getAccessibleContext

public AccessibleContext getAccessibleContext()

Gets the AccessibleContext associated with this Frame. For frames, the AccessibleContext takes the form of an AccessibleAWTFrame. A new AccessibleAWTFrame instance is created if necessary.

Overrides:

getAccessibleContext in class Window

Returns:

an AccessibleAWTFrame that serves as the AccessibleContext of this Frame